The mechanism of action is therefore similar to prescription α-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose. 81 The active ingredients have a variety of actions including postprandial glucose decrease by inhibiting α-glucosidases in the intestinal brush border and thus slowing carbohydrate breakdown into absorbable monosaccharides. Finally, area under the curve decreased 36.8% from baseline in the silymarin-plus-glyburide group, but was unchanged in the other two groups.Īctive ingredients of salacia include salacinol, kotalanol, kotalagenin-16 acetate, and mangiferin. The authors stated that the silymarin group had significantly greater improvement in A1C and fasting glucose than the other two groups. In the glyburide-only group, A1C decreased from 8.78 to 8.74% (not statistically significant) and fasting glucose increased significantly from 193 to 199 mg/dl ( P < 0.05). In the glyburide-plus-placebo group, A1C decreased from 8.76 to 8.71% (not statistically significant) and fasting glucose declined significantly from 202 to 193 mg/dl ( P < 0.05). Fasting glucose also declined significantly from 211 to 167 mg/dl. A1C decreased significantly ( P < 0.05) in the milk thistle plus glyburide group, from 8.9 to 7.45%. 72 One group received silymarin 200 mg plus glyburide 10 mg daily, another group received glyburide plus placebo, and a third group received glyburide only. A 4 - month multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in 59 people with type 2 diabetes evaluated the use of milk thistle.
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